BESA Research Mapping - Revision history

Abinash at 13:39, 5 May 2021

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Jaehyun at 13:00, 30 May 2017

2017-05-30T13:00:21Z

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Abinash at 12:54, 7 April 2017

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Alexa at 12:50, 7 April 2017

2017-04-07T12:50:17Z

Alexa at 15:41, 5 April 2017

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Alexa at 15:39, 5 April 2017

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Alexa at 15:23, 5 April 2017

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 |title = Module information
 |module = BESA Research Basic or higher
-|version = 6.1 or higher
+|version = BESA Research 6.1 or higher
 }}
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 The 3D mapping window displays whole-head 3D maps that reflect the voltage topography of the ongoing EEG using the current filter settings. The mapping procedure interpolates the EEG voltage or current source density (CSD) values over the whole head on the basis of the spherical splines method with moderate smoothing (Perrin et al. 1989). Maps are projected onto a 3D standardized head surface for a more realistic display of the voltage topography. The head surface was generated by averaging the MRI images of 50 normal subjects after transformation into Talairach space.
-A single 3D map is displayed automatically at the detection peak of a clustered event when selecting an event or cluster in the cluster or hyper cluster displays. The single 3D map is rotated automatically to set the view point to the center of gravity in the map to provide for immediate optimal inspection of dipolar topography. To adjust the viewpoint for more detailed inspection, use the standard rotation buttons introduced below or use the mouse drag over the head.
+A single 3D map is displayed automatically at the detection peak of a clustered event when selecting an event or cluster in the cluster or hyper cluster displays. The single 3D map is rotated automatically to set the viewpoint to the center of gravity in the map to provide for immediate optimal inspection of dipolar topography. To adjust the viewpoint for a more detailed inspection, use the standard rotation buttons introduced below or use the mouse drag over the head.
@@ Line 167: / Line 167: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">A top meridian projection of the heads can be selected either using the options menu (available from the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Options'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar button), or by right click with the mouse onto a map. Top meridian projected maps are cut off at a theta value of 110°.</span></span>
-<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">The 2D maps use equipotential line mapping instead of color maps to avoid bias due to the selection of the color scale and in order to emphasize the shape of the voltage or CSD distribution rather than peak areas. The noise in the EEG tends to produce arbitrary shapes in the maps around zero. Therefore, we have spaced the equipotential lines symmetrically around zero at levels of ±1/2, ±3/2, ±5/2....., and shaded negativities below -1/2 of the scaling between lines. This produces maps which are less biased by EEG noise, especially when larger scales are used. In 3D maps, an additional color shading is shown for each of the potential compartments.</span></span>
+<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">The 2D maps use equipotential line mapping instead of color maps to avoid bias due to the selection of the color scale and in order to emphasize the shape of the voltage or CSD distribution rather than peak areas. The noise in the EEG tends to produce arbitrary shapes in the maps around zero. Therefore, we have spaced the equipotential lines symmetrically around zero at levels of ±1/2, ±3/2, ±5/2....., and shaded negativities below -1/2 of the scaling between lines. This produces maps that are less biased by EEG noise, especially when larger scales are used. In 3D maps, an additional color shading is shown for each of the potential compartments.</span></span>
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">A minimum of 12 scalp channels is required to calculate the spline maps. However, a larger array of electrodes is recommended, including electrodes at inferior lateral sites (see help chapter </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''"Special Topics / Working with Electrodes... / Electrodes / Recommendations for Electrode Placement"''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">).</span></span>
@@ Line 317: / Line 317: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''The surface Laplacian operator '''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">(second spatial derivative of the voltage distribution in tissue) calculates the volume current flow out of the brain through the skull into the skin. That is why we use the term </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''Current Source Density '''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">(CSD). The CSD montage will show a large signal if the cortical surface (convexity) is active. This corresponds to a radial superficial dipole.</span></span>
-<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">If the brain activity is in a fissure (tangential dipole) the CSD signal is much weaker. The current flows in a tangential direction, so you will see two peaks of opposite polarity in the CSD maps, corresponding to where the volume current is leaving (+) and entering (-) the skull. The two zones of maximum current are closer together than in voltage maps, because voltage is an integral over current source density.</span></span>
+<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">If the brain activity is in a fissure (tangential dipole) the CSD signal is much weaker. The current flow in a tangential direction, so you will see two peaks of opposite polarity in the CSD maps, corresponding to where the volume current is leaving (+) and entering (-) the skull. The two zones of maximum current are closer together than in voltage maps, because the voltage is an integral over current source density.</span></span>
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Units of current source density are voltage per unit distance per unit distance (e.g. µV/cm²) or current per unit area (e.g. µA/cm²). Conversion from the second derivative of the voltage to current units is a complex issue because this requires knowledge about conductivities of the skull and scalp surfaces. Therefore, µV/cm² is used, i.e. just the second derivative of the voltage distribution.</span></span>

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	[[Category:Research Manual]]		[[Category:Research Manual]]
		+	{{BESAManualNav}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:50, 7 April 2017
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		+	{{BESAInfobox
		+	\|title = Module information
		+	\|module = BESA Research Basic or higher
		+	\|version = 6.1 or higher
		+	}}
		+
	== <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Mapping</span></span> ==		== <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Mapping</span></span> ==

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	<div style="margin-left:0.635cm;margin-right:0cm;">[[Image:Mapping (25).gif]]</div>		<div style="margin-left:0.635cm;margin-right:0cm;">[[Image:Mapping (25).gif]]</div>
		+	[[Category:Research Manual]]

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 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''Map and source image sequences'''</span></span>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">^1. Select file </span></span><span style="color:#ff9c00;">'''segm1.eeg'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> and select the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''TA_Temporal Lobe ''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">source montage. Engage the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''IMG '''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">button. The </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''TA '''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">montage includes basal, anterior, and lateral temporal brain regions. Note how this montage suggests the onset of the spike in the left basal temporal lobe, with subsequent components in the anterior tip and lateral surface of the left temporal lobe.</span></span>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">1. Select file </span></span><span style="color:#ff9c00;">'''segm1.eeg'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> and select the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''TA_Temporal Lobe ''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">source montage. Engage the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''IMG '''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">button. The </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''TA '''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">montage includes basal, anterior, and lateral temporal brain regions. Note how this montage suggests the onset of the spike in the left basal temporal lobe, with subsequent components in the anterior tip and lateral surface of the left temporal lobe.</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">2. Double click on the positive (upward-going) peak on the third channel from the top of the screen (left lateral temporal lobe). The source image will be displayed.</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">3. Click on the left lateral head view (top left source image). Note how the cursor changes to a hand over areas where clicks initiate an action. A series of 15 equidistant source images around the cursor latency will be displayed.</span></span>

@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
-* [[Image:Mapping (10).gif ]]<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle between 3D or 2D mapping</span></span>
+[[Image:Mapping (10).gif ]]
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle between whole head mapping and top meridian projection</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle between voltage and CSD display</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle between serial and standard maps</span></span>
-**
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle whether maps cover the entire head or are cut off at the lower part of the head</span></span>
-***
-**** <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle whether maps cover the entire head or are cut off at the lower part of the head</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggle display of electrodes on the maps</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Open the online Help</span></span>
@@ Line 120: / Line 121: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Pressing the right button, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Timing Interval'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, opens a dropdown menu, allowing for the definition of the time interval between sequential maps or the frequency spacing between FFT maps. Voltages and CSD are interpolated to allow for the following standard and custom interval settings:</span></span>
 <div style="color:#00000a;">[[Image:Mapping (12).gif ]]</div>
 <div style="color:#00000a;"></div>
@@ Line 163: / Line 162: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Only the differences are listed here:</span></span>
+# [[Image:Mapping (7).gif ]]  <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In sequential time view, dragging with the left mouse button over the heads rotates them by 90 degrees. The same is achieved using the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''standard rotation'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar buttons </span></span>
 # [[Image:Mapping (7).gif ]]<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In sequential time view, dragging with the left mouse button over the heads rotates them by 90 degrees. The same is achieved using the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''standard rotation'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar buttons </span></span>
 # <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">The buttons </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Rotate'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Magnify'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Move'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, are disabled in 2D maps.</span></span>
@@ Line 182: / Line 179: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">The results can be shown in three different ways, which are described in detail below:</span></span>
 # <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">FFT maps of amplitude or power showing the topography at a single frequency</span></span>
 # <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">FFT maps of amplitude or power showing the mean over a preset frequency band</span></span>
 # <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Phase maps showing the voltage amplitude topography at a selected frequency and at a specific or different phase angles. Serial phase maps are encoded to show phase delay (in ms) for better comparison with EEG voltage maps, since phase shift is proportional to time delay. Phase maps are only available if the FFT was computed over a single data block.</span></span>
-−
-<div style="color:#00000a;"></div># <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">FFT maps of amplitude or power showing the mean over a preset frequency band</span></span>
-−
-−
-−
-<div style="color:#00000a;"></div># <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Phase maps showing the voltage amplitude topography at a selected frequency and at a specific or different phase angles. Serial phase maps are encoded to show phase delay (in ms) for better comparison with EEG voltage maps, since phase shift is proportional to time delay. Phase maps are only available if the FFT was computed over a single data block.</span></span>
-−
@@ Line 199: / Line 188: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">The type of map and further mapping options can be selected from the menus </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Map'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> and </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Options/Mapping'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> in the FFT window.</span></span>
 <div style="color:#00000a;">[[Image:Mapping (15).gif ]]</div>
@@ Line 309: / Line 297: @@
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Phase maps cannot be generated for mean spectra: generating means over frequencies or over a set of FFTs causes phase information to be lost. Thus, phase maps cannot be shown for frequency bands or for the result of mean FFTs between markers.</span></span>
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Toggling between EEG/MEG FFT maps</span></span>
-<span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''Toggling between EEG/MEG FFT maps''</span></span>
-−
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">For a combined EEG and MEG measurement, the type of map (either EEG or MEG) that is currently selected is displayed in the left upper corner of the FFT window. Initially EEG is displayed. Click on the text to toggle between EEG and MEG FFT maps. A currently open map window will be updated immediately.</span></span>

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Drag over the head to rotate or use standard rotation buttons (for more details see</span></span>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Drag over the head to rotate or use standard rotation buttons (for more details see below).</span></span>
-* <span style="color:#00000a;">below).</span></span></div>* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click or double click on the single head to obtain the 15 serial maps.</span></span>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click or double click on the single head to obtain the 15 serial maps.</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click on the EEG-Voltage label (bottom left) to display CSD maps. Click on the EEG-C.S.D. label which appears to redisplay voltage maps,</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">or type</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''''' M'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''V'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for voltage maps and </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''C'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for CSD maps.</span></span>
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Left and right cursor keys plot new maps one time unit before or after the current time point. The time units can be adjusted using the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Timing Interval'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar button.</span></span> [[Image:Mapping (4).gif ]]
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Up and down cursor keys raise or lower the scaling units of the map display. 3 steps change the scaling by a factor of 2.</span></span>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In the sequential and single map views, the head can be rotated, zoomed, or moved, by clicking and dragging with the mouse, depending on which of the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Rotate'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Magnify'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Move'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> buttons in the toolbar has been depressed (see below). In addition, the three mouse dragging functions can be controlled directly by holding down the <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">,</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">''' Ctrl'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl+Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> keys:</span></span></div>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In the sequential and single map views, the head can be rotated, zoomed, or moved, by clicking and dragging with the mouse, depending on which of the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Rotate'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Magnify'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Move'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> buttons in the toolbar has been depressed (see below). In addition, the three mouse dragging functions can be controlled directly by holding down the <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">,</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">''' Ctrl'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl+Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> keys:</span></span>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Rotate</span></span>
+* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Rotate</span></span></div>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Move</span></span>
+* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Move</span></span></div>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift+Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Magnify/Zoom</span></span>
+* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift+Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Magnify/Zoom</span></span></div>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Hit the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Escape '''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">key to close the map window.</span></span>

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 ''2D (left) and 3D (right) voltage maps in single head view at one time point. The EEG shows a detected event in the Av33 user-defined montage.''
 The mapping window appears also when a cursor is set in the EEG data display by clicking onto the EEG.
@@ Line 23: / Line 22: @@
 Maps are projected onto a 3D standardized head surface for a more realistic display of voltage topography. The head surface was generated by averaging the MRI images of 24 normal subjects after transformation to the Talairach space using the BrainVoyagerTM software. The standard 10-10 electrodes were adjusted to each individual head using the nasion, pre-auricular points (T9, T10), the inion and the eye canthii as landmarks. Using the spherical spline interpolation over the whole head, reference-free maps are calculated.
 '''Controls'''
@@ Line 29: / Line 27: @@
 Use the mouse and the keyboard as follows:
 * Click on a map in the standard whole head view with 6 preset viewpoints to display 15 serial maps in the selected view.
-* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;">Click on a map in the standard whole head view with 6 preset viewpoints to display 15 serial maps in the selected view.</div>
 * Click on a serial map to select a specific time for the display of the 6 standard whole-head maps.
 [[Image:Mapping (1).png ]]
 <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''3D whole head maps at one latency using 6 standard viewpoints (left) and at a sequence of 15 latencies in serial view (right)''</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Double-click on a standard or serial map to obtain a single enlarged map.</span></span>
@@ Line 51: / Line 42: @@
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Drag over the head to rotate or use standard rotation buttons (for more details see</span></span>
+* <span style="color:#00000a;">below).</span></span></div>* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click or double click on the single head to obtain the 15 serial maps.</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click on the EEG-Voltage label (bottom left) to display CSD maps. Click on the EEG-C.S.D. label which appears to redisplay voltage maps,</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">or type</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''''' M'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''V'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for voltage maps and </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''C'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for CSD maps.</span></span>
-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">below).</span></span></div>* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click or double click on the single head to obtain the 15 serial maps.</span></span></div>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">When you move the mouse pointer over an electrode, the electrode label (and voltage if in voltage mode) is displayed.</span></span>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Click on the EEG-Voltage label (bottom left) to display CSD maps. Click on the EEG-C.S.D.</span></span>
+* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Left and right cursor keys plot new maps one time unit before or after the current time point. The time units can be adjusted using the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Timing Interval'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar button.</span></span> [[Image:Mapping (4).gif ]]
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Up and down cursor keys raise or lower the scaling units of the map display. 3 steps change the scaling by a factor of 2.</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In the sequential and single map views, the head can be rotated, zoomed, or moved, by clicking and dragging with the mouse, depending on which of the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Rotate'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Magnify'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Move'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> buttons in the toolbar has been depressed (see below). In addition, the three mouse dragging functions can be controlled directly by holding down the <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">,</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">''' Ctrl'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl+Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> keys:</span></span></div>
-−
-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">label which appears to redisplay voltage maps,</span></span></div>* <div style="margin-left:1.259cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">or type</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">''''' M'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''V'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for voltage maps and </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">'''''C'''''</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> for CSD maps.</span></span></div>
-* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">When you move the mouse pointer over an electrode, the electrode label (and voltage</span></span>
-−
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">if in voltage mode) is displayed.</span></span></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Left and right cursor keys plot new maps one time unit before or after the current</span></span>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">time point. The time units can be adjusted using the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Timing Interval'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> toolbar button. </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">[[Image:Mapping (4).gif ]]</span></span></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Up and down cursor keys raise or lower the scaling units of the map display. 3 steps</span></span>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">change the scaling by a factor of 2.</span></span></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">In the sequential and single map views, the head can be rotated, zoomed, or moved,</span></span>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">by clicking and dragging with the mouse, depending on which of the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Rotate'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D'''</span></div>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Magnify'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''3D Move'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> buttons in the toolbar has been depressed (see below). In addition,</span></span></div>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">the three mouse dragging functions can be controlled directly by holding down the</span></span></div>
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-<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">,</span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">''' Ctrl'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">, or </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl+Shift'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;"> keys:</span></span></div>
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 * <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Rotate</span></span>
 * <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Hit the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Escape '''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">key to close the map window.</span></span>
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-<div style="color:#00000a;"></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Move</span></span>
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-<div style="color:#00000a;"></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Shift+Ctrl-Drag'''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">: Magnify/Zoom</span></span>
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-<div style="color:#00000a;"></div>* <span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">Hit the </span></span><span style="color:#3366ff;">'''Escape '''</span><span style="color:#3366ff;"><span style="color:#00000a;">key to close the map window.</span></span>
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